Muri iyi ngingo, tuzareba uburyo bwinshi bwikoranabuhanga nibikoresho bikoreshwa mugukora ibice byumusaruro, inyungu zabo, ibintu byo gutekereza, nibindi byinshi.
Intangiriro
Gukora ibice byo gukora - bizwi kandi nkibice byanyuma-bikoresha - bivuga inzira yo gukoresha ibikoresho fatizo kugirango ukore igice cyateguwe kandi gikozwe kugirango gikoreshwe mubicuruzwa byanyuma, bitandukanye na prototype cyangwa moderi.Reba kutuyoboragukora prototypes yamberekwiga byinshi kuri ibi.
Kugirango ibice byawe bikore mubidukikije-byukuri - nkibice byimashini, ibinyabiziga, ibicuruzwa byabaguzi, cyangwa ikindi kintu icyo aricyo cyose gikora - gukora bigomba kwegerwa mubitekerezo.Kugirango ubashe gukora neza kandi neza ibice kugirango ubyare umusaruro, ugomba gutekereza kubikoresho, igishushanyo, nuburyo bwo kubyaza umusaruro kugirango wuzuze ibisabwa bikenewe, umutekano, nibisabwa byiza.
Guhitamo ibikoresho kubice byakozwe
Ibikoresho bisanzwe kubice bigenewe kubyazwa umusaruro birimo ibyuma nkibyuma cyangwa aluminiyumu, plastiki nka ABS, polyakarubone, na nylon, ibice nka fibre karubone na fiberglass hamwe nubutaka bumwe na bumwe.
Ibikoresho bikwiye kubice byanyuma-ukoresha bizaterwa nibisabwa byihariye bya porogaramu, kimwe nigiciro cyacyo no kuboneka.Hano hari ibintu bike bisanzwe ugomba gusuzuma muguhitamo ibikoresho byo gukora ibice byo gukora:
Imbaraga.Ibikoresho bigomba kuba bikomeye bihagije kugirango bihangane imbaraga igice kizagaragaramo mugihe cyo gukoresha.Ibyuma ni urugero rwiza rwibikoresho bikomeye.
❖ Kuramba.Ibikoresho bigomba gushobora kwihanganira kwambara no kurira mugihe nta gutesha agaciro cyangwa kumeneka.Ibigize bizwi kuramba n'imbaraga.
❖ Guhinduka.Ukurikije ikoreshwa ryigice cyanyuma, ibikoresho birashobora gukenera guhinduka kugirango byemere kugenda cyangwa guhinduka.Plastike nka polyakarubone na nylon izwiho guhinduka.
Resistance Kurwanya ubushyuhe.Niba igice kizahura nubushyuhe bwo hejuru, kurugero, ibikoresho bigomba kuba bishobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe butashonga cyangwa ngo bihindurwe.Ibyuma, ABS, nubutaka nuburorero bwibikoresho byerekana ubushyuhe bwiza.
Uburyo bwo gukora ibice byo gukora
Ubwoko bune bwuburyo bukoreshwa bukoreshwa mugukora ibice byumusaruro:
Inganda zikuramo
Inganda ziyongera
Forming Gukora ibyuma
❖ Gukina
Gukuramo ibicuruzwa
Gukuramo ibicuruzwa - bizwi kandi nkibikorwa gakondo - bikubiyemo kuvana ibintu mubice binini kugeza igihe ishusho yifuzwa igerweho.Gukuramo ibicuruzwa akenshi byihuta kuruta gukora inyongeramusaruro, bigatuma bikenerwa cyane kubyara umusaruro mwinshi.Ariko, birashobora kuba bihenze cyane cyane mugihe urebye ibikoresho nogushiraho ibiciro, kandi mubisanzwe bitanga imyanda myinshi.
Ubwoko busanzwe bwinganda zikuramo zirimo:
Control Igenzura rya numero ya mudasobwa (CNC) gusya.Ubwoko bwaImashini ya CNC, Urusyo rwa CNC rurimo gukoresha igikoresho cyo gukata kugirango ukure ibikoresho kumurongo ukomeye kugirango ukore igice cyarangiye.Irashoboye gukora ibice bifite impamyabumenyi ihanitse yukuri kandi yuzuye mubikoresho nkibyuma, plastiki, hamwe nibigize.
Turning Guhindura CNC.Na none ubwoko bwa CNC butunganya, CNC ihinduka ikoresha igikoresho cyo gukata kugirango ikure ibintu mubintu bikomeye.Ubusanzwe ikoreshwa mugukora ibintu bifite silindrike, nka valve cyangwa shafts.
Urupapuro rw'impapuro.Muriurupapuro rwo guhimba, urupapuro ruringaniye rw'icyuma rwaciwe cyangwa rukorwa ukurikije igishushanyo mbonera, ubusanzwe dosiye ya DXF cyangwa CAD.
Inganda ziyongera
Gukora inyongeramusaruro - bizwi kandi nk'icapiro rya 3D - bivuga inzira yongeweho ibikoresho hejuru yacyo kugirango ikore igice.Irashobora kubyara imiterere igoye cyane ubundi bitashoboka hamwe nuburyo gakondo bwo gukora (subtractive), butanga imyanda mike, kandi birashobora kwihuta kandi bihenze cyane cyane mugihe bitanga uduce duto twibice bigoye.Gukora ibice byoroshye, ariko, birashobora gutinda kuruta gukora ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga, kandi urutonde rwibikoresho bihari ni bito.
Ubwoko busanzwe bwo gukora inyongeramusaruro zirimo:
Ere Stereolithography (SLA).Azwi kandi nka resin 3D icapa, SLA ikoresha UV laseri nkisoko yumucyo kugirango uhitemo gukiza polymer resin no gukora igice cyarangiye.
Model Kwerekana uburyo bwo kubitsa (FDM).Azwi kandi nko guhimba filament yahimbwe (FFF),FDMyubaka ibice kumurongo, guhitamo kubika ibintu byashonge muburyo bwateganijwe.Ikoresha polimoplastike polymers ije muri filaments kugirango ikore ibintu byanyuma bifatika.
Sin Gutoranya Laser Guhitamo (SLS).MuriSLS icapiro rya 3D, lazeri yatoranije ibice byifu ya polymer, kubihuza hamwe no kubaka igice, kumurongo.
❖ Multi Jet Fusion (MJF).Nka tekinoroji ya HP yihariye yo gucapa,MJFIrashobora guhora kandi byihuse gutanga ibice bifite imbaraga zingana cyane, gukemura neza, hamwe nubukanishi bwasobanuwe neza
Gukora ibyuma
Mu gukora ibyuma, icyuma gikozwe muburyo bwifuzwa ukoresheje imbaraga hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa mashini cyangwa ubushyuhe.Inzira irashobora kuba ishyushye cyangwa imbeho, bitewe nicyuma nuburyo bwifuzwa.Ibice byakozwe hamwe nibyuma bikora mubisanzwe biranga imbaraga nigihe kirekire.Na none, mubisanzwe hari imyanda mike yibintu byakozwe kuruta ubundi buryo bwo gukora.
Ubwoko busanzwe bwibyuma birimo:
❖ Kubeshya.Ibyuma birashyuha, hanyuma bigashyirwaho ukoresheje imbaraga zo kwikuramo.
Gukabya.Icyuma gihatirwa gupfa gukora ishusho cyangwa umwirondoro wifuza.
Gushushanya.Icyuma gikururwa nu rupfu kugirango gikore ishusho cyangwa umwirondoro.
Kunama.Ibyuma byunamye kumiterere yifuzwa hakoreshejwe imbaraga zikoreshwa.
Kasting
Gutera ni uburyo bwo gukora ibintu birimo ibintu byamazi, nkicyuma, plastike, cyangwa ceramique, bisukwa mubibumbano kandi bikemerwa gukomera muburyo bwifuzwa.Byakoreshejwe mugukora ibice biranga urwego rwo hejuru rwukuri kandi rusubirwamo.Gukina kandi ni amahitamo ahendutse mubikorwa byinshi.
Ubwoko busanzwe bwa casting burimo:
Ing Gutera inshinge.Inzira yo gukora ikoreshwa mugukora ibice bygutera inshingeibikoresho - akenshi bya pulasitiki - muburyo bumwe.Ibikoresho noneho birakonjeshwa kandi bigakomera, kandi igice cyarangiye gisohoka mubibumbano.
Gupfa.Mugihe cyo gupfa, icyuma gishongeshejwe gishyirwa mu cyuho cyumuvuduko mwinshi.Gupfa gukoreshwa bikoreshwa mugukora imiterere igoye kandi yukuri kandi isubirwamo.
Igishushanyo mbonera cyo gukora nibice byo gukora
Igishushanyo mbonera cyo gukora cyangwa gukora (DFM) bivuga uburyo bwa injeniyeri yo gukora igice cyangwa igikoresho gifite igishushanyo-cyambere cyibandaho, bigafasha ibicuruzwa byanyuma bikora neza kandi bihendutse kubyara umusaruro.Isesengura rya Hubs ryikora rya DFM rifasha injeniyeri n'abashushanya gukora, gusubiramo, koroshya, no guhuza ibice mbere yuko bikozwe, bigatuma inzira zose zo gukora zikora neza.Mugushushanya ibice byoroshye gukora, igihe cyo gukora nigiciro kirashobora kugabanuka, nkuko bishobora guhura namakosa nudusimba mubice byanyuma.
Inama zo gukoresha isesengura rya DFM kugirango ugabanye ibiciro byumusaruro wawe ukora
Kugabanya ibice.Mubisanzwe, ibice bike igice gifite, munsi yigihe cyo guterana, ibyago cyangwa ikosa, nigiciro rusange.
Kuboneka.Ibice bishobora gukorwa hamwe nuburyo bwo kubyaza umusaruro ibikoresho - kandi biranga ibishushanyo byoroshye - biroroshye kandi bihendutse kubyara.
And Ibikoresho n'ibigize.Ibice bikoresha ibikoresho bisanzwe nibigize bishobora gufasha kugabanya ibiciro, koroshya imiyoborere itanga amasoko, no kwemeza ko ibice byasimbuwe biboneka byoroshye.
Icyerekezo cy'igice.Reba icyerekezo cyigice mugihe cyo gukora.Ibi birashobora kugabanya kugabanya ibikenewe byinkunga cyangwa ibindi bintu byinyongera bishobora kongera igihe cyumusaruro nigiciro.
Irinde kugabanuka.Undercuts ni ibintu bibuza igice kuvanwa muburyo bworoshye.Kwirinda ibicuruzwa bishobora gufasha kugabanya igihe cyumusaruro nigiciro, no kuzamura ubwiza rusange bwigice cyanyuma.
Igiciro cyo gukora ibice byo gukora
Kugaragaza uburinganire hagati yubuziranenge nigiciro ni ingenzi mubice byo gukora bigenewe umusaruro.Hano hari ibintu byinshi bijyanye nigiciro ugomba gusuzuma:
❖ Ibikoresho.Igiciro cyibikoresho fatizo bikoreshwa mubikorwa byo gukora biterwa nubwoko bwibikoresho byakoreshejwe, kuboneka kwabyo, nubunini bukenewe.
Igikoresho.Harimo ikiguzi cyimashini, imashini, nibindi bikoresho byihariye bikoreshwa mubikorwa byo gukora.
Volume Umubare w'umusaruro.Muri rusange, ubwinshi bwibice utanga, nigiciro gito kuri buri gice.Ibi ni ukuri cyanegushushanya inshinge, itanga ubukungu bukomeye bwikigereranyo kubunini bunini butumiza.
❖ Kuyobora ibihe.Ibice byakozwe vuba kubikorwa byigihe-byimishinga akenshi bitwara ikiguzi cyinshi ugereranije nigihe kinini cyo kuyobora.
Shaka amagambo ahitakugereranya ibiciro no kuyobora ibihe kubicuruzwa byawe.
Inkomoko y'ingingo ：https://www.hubs.com/ubumenyi-hub/?topic=CNC+machining
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-14-2023